There is no line of mobility in the social hierarchy for the marginalized group(s). Anyone who is not associated and one with the hegemony force, or part of the religious fascism that is spreading is considered to be subaltern. It has also been an effort to withstand the religious fascism that has been rapidly trending in the “South” of India. In India, “the evidence suggests that Subaltern Studies has been an effort by secular “Southerners” (Biharis, Bengalis) to withstand the hegemony of the ‘North’, represented by the liberal-Marxist alliance centered in New Delhi” (Gran). ![]() Now knowing what subaltern means, I am going to apply it to examples. Gayatri Spivak states that “the reasonable and rarefied definition of the word subaltern that interests me is: to be removed from all lines of social mobility” (Spivak, 475). He used it when describing cultural hegemony, in order to identify groups that were excluded, displaced, and marginalized due to the socio-economic institutions put into place, so their political voices would be denied. The term Subaltern was coined by Antonio Gramsci, who was an Italian Marxist intellectual. If there is little access or no access at all to the cultural imperialism then one is described as subaltern. In Postcolonial Theory, “Subaltern” describes people in the lower social classes and the Other social groups that are displaced and marginalized while also living in an imperial colony.
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